Combined 2023 nuclear fuel data from the EU and US shows that EU and US nuclear utilities imported significant quantities of Russian nuclear fuel in 2023, which helped boost combined EU and US utility-owned nuclear fuel inventories for the first time since 2016. EU utilities, in particular, imported more nuclear fuel than they loaded into reactors and are stockpiling material, as many of them transition away from Russian-supplied fuel. EU and US utilities purchased more U3O8 and separative work units (SWU) in 2023 than in 2022, and EU utilities purchased more conversion services than in 2022 (US utility conversion purchases were not reported). Uncovered demand over the next nine years still ticked up slightly year on year in both places, but remains far below uncovered demand rates in the eight years preceding 2022.