Key Points
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Buying Bitcoin means you’re in full control of your cryptocurrency, and you avoid the annual fees that Bitcoin ETFs charge.
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But you could lower your crypto tax bill by investing in Bitcoin ETFs through a Roth IRA.
If you want to invest in Bitcoin (CRYPTO: BTC), you have two options: the cryptocurrency itself or a Bitcoin ETF. The SEC approved the first group of Bitcoin ETFs in January 2024, and they’ve accumulated over $90 billion in assets under management (AUM) as of March 20, 2026.
Each has its advantages and disadvantages. The right choice depends on how much control you want over your cryptocurrency and your investment time horizon.
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Floating words, including “Bitcoin ETF,” floating over a hand holding a smartphone.
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Cryptocurrency purists usually prefer buying Bitcoin directly because they own the actual coins, unlike with a Bitcoin ETF. You also get slightly better returns by avoiding ETF management fees. The best Bitcoin ETFs charge between 0.15% and 0.25% per year, or $1.50 to $2.50 for every $1,000 invested. It’s not too costly, but it’s a small drag on performance you won’t have if you buy Bitcoin itself.
However, if you’re planning to buy and hold Bitcoin until retirement, Bitcoin ETFs offer an even greater advantage. You can invest in them through a Roth IRA, a retirement account that never taxes investment growth and also doesn’t tax withdrawals made after age 59 1/2. If you wait until retirement age, then you can withdraw your Bitcoin ETF gains tax-free.
You can only invest in Bitcoin ETFs, and not Bitcoin itself, through most Roth IRAs. If you buy Bitcoin vehicles (or anything else) in this type of account and sell them later at a profit, you’ll owe taxes on your capital gains. Cryptocurrency taxes range from 0% to 20% for long-term gains and 10% to 37% for short-term returns.
Roth IRAs have both contribution limits ($7,500 in 2026 for those under 50) and income limits, so they’re not an option for everyone. But if you’re eligible, and you plan to hold Bitcoin for the foreseeable future, it makes sense to invest in a Bitcoin ETF through a Roth IRA for the tax benefits.
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Lyle Daly has positions in Bitcoin. The Motley Fool has positions in and recommends Bitcoin. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.